====== fābiǎo: 发表 - To Publish, To Issue, To Express ======
===== Quick Summary =====
  *   **Keywords:** 发表, fabiao, fābiǎo, publish in Chinese, express an opinion in Chinese, issue a statement in Chinese, 发表论文, 发表意见, Chinese word for publish, difference between 发表 and 发布, HSK 4 vocabulary.
  *   **Summary:** "发表" (fābiǎo) is a formal Chinese verb primarily meaning "to publish" or "to issue." It's used when making something public, such as an academic paper (发表论文), an article, an official statement, or a formal opinion in a meeting (发表意见). Understanding "发表" is key to navigating academic, professional, and official communication in Chinese, as it signifies the formal act of presenting one's work or views to an audience.
===== Core Meaning =====
  *   **Pinyin (with tone marks):** fābiǎo
  *   **Part of Speech:** Verb
  *   **HSK Level:** HSK 4
  *   **Concise Definition:** To make something public or known, such as an article, opinion, or speech.
  *   **In a Nutshell:** Think of "发表" as the act of "sending something out for all to see." It carries a sense of formality and purpose. You don't just casually "say" something with 发表; you present it, often in a written or spoken form, to a specific audience. It’s the official launch of an idea, a text, or a declaration into the public sphere.
===== Character Breakdown =====
  *   **发 (fā):** This character's core meaning is "to send out," "to issue," or "to emit." Picture sending a letter, launching an arrow, or an idea erupting forth.
  *   **表 (biǎo):** This character means "surface," "to show," or "a table/form." It's about making something manifest and visible on the outside.
  *   The two characters combine powerfully: **"To send out (发) to make visible on the surface (表)."** This paints a clear picture of taking something internal (an idea, a study, an opinion) and making it externally public and observable.
===== Cultural Context and Significance =====
  *   In Chinese culture, with its long and deep respect for scholarship and the written word, "发表" carries significant weight. To "发表文章" (publish an article) or "发表论文" (publish a thesis) is a major achievement that marks one as a contributor to a field of knowledge. It's not just a procedural step; it's a validation of one's work and intellect.
  *   **Comparison to "Publish":** While "publish" in English is a close match, "发表" is slightly broader in a formal context. An American executive might "share their thoughts" or "give their opinion" in a meeting. A Chinese counterpart in the same situation might formally "发表意见" (fābiǎo yìjiàn), which translates to "express/issue an opinion." This usage highlights the formality and structured nature of the act. You are not just talking; you are officially contributing your view to the record. This reflects a cultural tendency towards more structured and deliberate communication in formal settings.
===== Practical Usage in Modern China =====
"发表" is almost exclusively used in formal or semi-formal contexts. You will encounter it frequently in academia, business, government, and media.
  *   **Academic and Literary Contexts:** This is the most common usage. It refers to the publication of research, articles, and creative works.
    *   `发表论文` (fābiǎo lùnwén) - to publish a thesis/paper
    *   `发表小说` (fābiǎo xiǎoshuō) - to publish a novel
  *   **Formal Speeches and Opinions:** Used when someone is officially presenting their views.
    *   `发表讲话` (fābiǎo jiǎnghuà) - to deliver a speech
    *   `发表意见` (fābiǎo yìjiàn) - to express/state an opinion (in a meeting, forum, etc.)
  *   **Official Announcements:** Governments and organizations use it to issue official communications.
    *   `发表声明` (fābiǎo shēngmíng) - to issue a statement
  *   **Online Content:** While `分享 (fēnxiǎng)` (to share) is more common for casual social media posts, "发表" can be used for more substantial online content like a detailed blog post or a formal online article.
    *   `在博客上发表文章` (zài bókè shàng fābiǎo wénzhāng) - to publish an article on a blog
===== Example Sentences =====
  *   **Example 1:**
    *   他希望能在著名的科学期刊上**发表**他的研究成果。
    *   Pinyin: Tā xīwàng néng zài zhùmíng de kēxué qīkān shàng **fābiǎo** tā de yánjiū chéngguǒ.
    *   English: He hopes to be able to **publish** his research findings in a famous scientific journal.
    *   Analysis: This is a classic academic use of "发表". It refers to the formal process of getting research published in a periodical (`期刊`).
  *   **Example 2:**
    *   会议期间，欢迎大家积极**发表**自己的看法。
    *   Pinyin: Huìyì qījiān, huānyíng dàjiā jījí **fābiǎo** zìjǐ de kànfǎ.
    *   English: During the meeting, everyone is welcome to actively **express** their own views.
    *   Analysis: Here, "发表" is used for expressing opinions in a formal setting (a meeting). It’s more formal than just `说 (shuō)`.
  *   **Example 3:**
    *   那位作家明年将**发表**一部新小说。
    *   Pinyin: Nà wèi zuòjiā míngnián jiāng **fābiǎo** yī bù xīn xiǎoshuō.
    *   English: That author will **publish** a new novel next year.
    *   Analysis: Used here for a creative work (a novel). It implies the entire process from writing to making it available to the public.
  *   **Example 4:**
    *   政府就此次事件**发表**了正式声明。
    *   Pinyin: Zhèngfǔ jiù cǐ cì shìjiàn **fābiǎo** le zhèngshì shēngmíng.
    *   English: The government **issued** a formal statement regarding this incident.
    *   Analysis: This demonstrates the use of "发表" for official announcements. `发表声明` (issue a statement) is a very common fixed phrase.
  *   **Example 5:**
    *   你想在哪个杂志上**发表**这篇文章？
    *   Pinyin: Nǐ xiǎng zài nǎge zázhì shàng **fābiǎo** zhè piān wénzhāng?
    *   English: Which magazine do you want to **publish** this article in?
    *   Analysis: A practical question about publishing a written work (`文章`).
  *   **Example 6:**
    *   他在毕业典礼上**发表**了激动人心的讲话。
    *   Pinyin: Tā zài bìyè diǎnlǐ shàng **fābiǎo** le jīdòng rénxīn de jiǎnghuà.
    *   English: He **delivered** an inspiring speech at the graduation ceremony.
    *   Analysis: `发表讲话` (deliver a speech) is another common collocation, used for formal addresses.
  *   **Example 7:**
    *   请不要在网上随意**发表**不负责任的言论。
    *   Pinyin: Qǐng bùyào zài wǎngshàng suíyì **fābiǎo** bù fùzérèn de yánlùn.
    *   English: Please do not casually **post** irresponsible comments online.
    *   Analysis: Here, "发表" is used for posting online comments (`言论`). It still retains a sense of making something public, even in a digital space.
  *   **Example 8:**
    *   这篇论文什么时候**发表**的？
    *   Pinyin: Zhè piān lùnwén shénme shíhòu **fābiǎo** de?
    *   English: When was this paper **published**?
    *   Analysis: A simple question using the `是...的` (shì...de) structure to ask about the time of a past action.
  *   **Example 9:**
    *   作为一名记者，他每个月都要**发表**好几篇文章。
    *   Pinyin: Zuòwéi yī míng jìzhě, tā měi gè yuè dōu yào **fābiǎo** hǎojǐ piān wénzhāng.
    *   English: As a journalist, he has to **publish** several articles every month.
    *   Analysis: This shows the routine, professional use of the word.
  *   **Example 10:**
    *   每个团队成员都有机会**发表**自己的意见。
    *   Pinyin: Měi gè tuánduì chéngyuán dōu yǒu jīhuì **fābiǎo** zìjǐ de yìjiàn.
    *   English: Every team member has the opportunity to **express** their own opinion.
    *   Analysis: Similar to example 2, this highlights its use in a collaborative, professional environment.
===== Nuances and Common Mistakes =====
  *   **发表 (fābiǎo) vs. 发布 (fābù):** This is a critical distinction.
    *   **发表 (fābiǎo):** Focuses on **content**, like articles, papers, opinions, and speeches. Think: publishing intellectual or creative work.
    *   **发布 (fābù):** Broader, focuses on **releasing information or products**. Think: a company releasing a new phone (`发布新手机`), the government releasing new data (`发布数据`), or an app releasing an update (`发布更新`).
    *   *Mnemonic:* You **发表** an essay, but you **发布** a press release about the essay.
  *   **发表 (fābiǎo) vs. 说 (shuō):** A common beginner mistake is using "发表" for casual speech. "发表" is formal and public.
    *   **Incorrect:** 我发表我饿了。(Wǒ fābiǎo wǒ è le.)
    *   **Reason:** This is a simple personal feeling, not a formal declaration.
    *   **Correct:** 我说我饿了。(Wǒ shuō wǒ è le.)
  *   **发表 (fābiǎo) vs. 出版 (chūbǎn):**
    *   **出版 (chūbǎn):** Specifically means to publish in print form, like books, by a publishing house. It refers to the entire industrial process of printing and distributing.
    *   You can `发表` an article in a magazine (which is then `出版` by the publisher). You `出版` a book.
===== Related Terms and Concepts =====
  *   [[发布]] (fābù) - To release, announce (for news, products, data). Broader and less academic than 发表.
  *   [[出版]] (chūbǎn) - To publish (specifically printed books/materials). Refers to the industry of printing and distribution.
  *   [[刊登]] (kāndēng) - To publish in a periodical (newspaper, magazine). More specific than 发表.
  *   [[宣布]] (xuānbù) - To announce, declare (an official decision, a winner, a new policy).
  *   [[表达]] (biǎodá) - To express (emotions, ideas). A more general and personal term for expressing oneself.
  *   [[意见]] (yìjiàn) - Opinion, view. A noun often used as the object of 发表.
  *   [[文章]] (wénzhāng) - Article, essay. A common thing to be 发表'ed.
  *   [[论文]] (lùnwén) - Academic paper, thesis. The most common thing to be 发表'ed in an academic context.
  *   [[声明]] (shēngmíng) - Statement, declaration. Often used in the phrase `发表声明`.
  *   [[讲话]] (jiǎnghuà) - Speech, address. Often used in the phrase `发表讲话`.