In Chinese culture, the perception of being `内向` is nuanced and has evolved over time. Traditionally, traits associated with introversion—such as being a good listener, modest, and thoughtful—were often valued. In a collectivist society that emphasizes harmony, not speaking out of turn and being a quiet, contemplative scholar or official were seen as virtues. However, in modern, fast-paced China, there's a growing “extrovert ideal” similar to that in the West. In competitive business and social environments, being outgoing and assertive (`外向`, wàixiàng) is often seen as a key to success. Consequently, being `内向` can sometimes be viewed by parents, teachers, or employers as a disadvantage or a weakness that needs to be “fixed.” This is a key difference from the growing Western acceptance of introversion (popularized by authors like Susan Cain) as simply a different, equally valid way of being. While in the West, one might proudly say “I'm an introvert,” in China, describing yourself as `内向` might be done with a slightly apologetic or self-deprecating tone, depending on the context.
`内向` is a common word used in everyday conversation to describe people's personalities.