The term `工匠` has experienced a major resurgence in 21st-century China, largely through the promotion of the concept of “工匠精神” (gōngjiàng jīngshén), or the “craftsman spirit.” In the past, rapid industrialization prioritized speed and quantity, often leading to a reputation for cheap, low-quality goods. To counter this, the Chinese government and society began championing the `gōngjiàng jīngshén`. Premier Li Keqiang famously included it in his government work reports, signaling a national shift in focus towards high-quality manufacturing, innovation, and pride in one's work. This modern concept is a blend of traditional respect for skill and a contemporary economic strategy. It's about reviving the values of patience, focus, and the pursuit of perfection. Comparison to Western “Artisan”: While “artisan” or “craftsman” is a close translation, the modern Chinese `工匠` carries a weightier, almost patriotic connotation. In the West, being an artisan often implies a niche, perhaps anti-corporate, lifestyle focused on handmade goods. In China, a `工匠` can be a key player in a large, technologically advanced company like Huawei. The “craftsman spirit” is seen as a driver of national progress and global competitiveness, elevating the concept from an individual pursuit to a collective, national value. It's less about rejecting the modern economy and more about perfecting it from within.
`工匠` is used in a variety of contexts, with a consistently positive and respectful connotation.
The term is formal and carries significant weight. Calling someone a `工匠` is a high compliment about their professional dedication and the quality of their work.