When combined, 开玩笑 (kāi wánxiào) literally translates to “to open playful laughter” or “to start a game of laughs.” This paints a perfect picture of its meaning: you are initiating a moment of fun and humor.
Joking is a universal human activity, but its rules change across cultures. In China, 开玩笑 (kāi wánxiào) is a key tool for building rapport and creating a relaxed, harmonious atmosphere, especially among peers and friends. A key cultural comparison is with American “banter” or “roasting.” While Chinese friends can be very direct and tease each other quite a bit, there are stricter unspoken rules about who you can joke with and what you can joke about. The concept of 面子 (miànzi) - “face” or social dignity is paramount. A joke that causes someone to lose face, especially in front of others, is a serious social foul. Therefore, joking with elders, superiors, or people you don't know well is done with much more caution than in many Western cultures. Jokes about sensitive topics like someone's parents, their professional competence, or major personal shortcomings are generally off-limits unless you are in a very close and established relationship. The goal of a good `玩笑` is to make everyone feel comfortable and closer, not to single someone out or make them feel bad. It's a lubricant for social harmony, not a weapon for verbal sparring.
`开玩笑` is extremely common in everyday life. Its meaning shifts slightly based on the context and tone.
`开玩笑` is almost always used in informal, conversational settings. You wouldn't typically use it in a formal speech or a serious business negotiation unless you have a very strong rapport with the other party.