When combined, 接待 (jiēdài) becomes the verb “to receive guests” or “to host.” Adding 处 (chù) turns the action into a location: the “place for receiving guests”—the reception desk.
While a “reception desk” might seem like a purely functional concept, the 接待处 is the first stage for an important cultural practice in China: showing hospitality. The act of 接待 (jiēdài) is taken very seriously, as making a guest feel welcome, respected, and comfortable is paramount in both business and social contexts. In the West, a front desk interaction can often be purely transactional—getting a key card, signing a form. In China, the interaction at a 接待处, particularly in a business setting, sets the tone for the entire relationship (关系, guānxi). A warm, professional, and attentive reception is not just good service; it's a sign of respect and the beginning of a positive interaction. The quality of the reception reflects the company's or host's “face” (面子, miànzi). Therefore, the 接待处 is seen as more than just a desk; it's the welcoming gate to an organization.
接待处 is a standard, somewhat formal term used in various environments. While in daily conversation the word 前台 (qiántái) is often more common, 接待处 is widely understood and used on signage and in official contexts.
Its connotation is neutral and professional. You would use it for established institutions but not for the counter at a small cafe or shop.