When combined, `机器 (jīqì)` forms the word “machine.” Adding `人 (rén)` at the end literally creates “machine person,” a perfect and intuitive translation for the concept of a “robot.”
Unlike ancient terms rooted in Chinese philosophy, 机器人 (jīqìrén) is a modern word, but its cultural significance is immense in 21st-century China. In Western culture, particularly American sci-fi, robots are often depicted with a degree of caution or fear—themes of rebellion, job displacement, and dystopian futures (e.g., *The Terminator*, *I, Robot*) are common. While these concerns exist in China, the overarching public and governmental attitude is one of pragmatic optimism and national pride. The 机器人 symbolizes China's ambition to become a global leader in technology, automation, and artificial intelligence (AI). The government heavily promotes the development and adoption of robotics to boost economic efficiency and solve demographic challenges, like an aging population. Therefore, seeing robots in restaurants, delivering packages, or assisting in hospitals is often viewed less as a threat and more as a sign of progress and modernity. The term is tied to the national narrative of technological rejuvenation and self-reliance.
机器人 (jīqìrén) is used in a wide range of contexts, from highly technical to casual and even figurative.