The characters literally combine to mean “killer's hand mace.” The term originates from the folklore surrounding the Tang Dynasty general Qin Qiong (秦琼). His primary weapon was a long spear, but he always carried a pair of heavy maces hidden on his horse. When his spear was ineffective or he was in a desperate situation, he would use his maces as a surprise, devastating final blow. This hidden, ultimate weapon became known as his 杀手锏.
The concept of 杀手锏 is deeply rooted in Chinese strategic thinking, which values patience, planning, and having a hidden advantage. It reflects the idea that one should not reveal all of their strengths at once but should hold back a decisive element until the most opportune moment.
This term highlights a cultural value placed on strategy over brute force, emphasizing the importance of a well-timed, decisive action to secure victory in any field, from warfare to business.
杀手锏 is a very common and vivid term used across various domains in modern China. It's almost always used to describe a powerful, positive advantage.