In Chinese culture, the concept of a 榜样 is a cornerstone of moral education and social cohesion. It's deeply rooted in Confucian ideals of self-cultivation (修身, xiūshēn) and learning from moral exemplars. A key difference from the Western concept of a “role model” lies in its application. While in the West, a “role model” can be a personal and often self-chosen figure of inspiration (like an athlete, artist, or entrepreneur), a 榜样 in China often has a more formal, official, and morally prescriptive connotation. The government and state media frequently promote national 榜样 figures like Lei Feng (雷锋), a soldier celebrated for his selflessness and devotion to the Party, or “Model Workers” (劳动模范, láodòng mófàn) who exemplify diligence and contribution to the nation. This reflects a collectivist value system where individual behavior is often guided by its benefit to the group, the company, or the country. A 榜样 is not just someone to admire, but someone whose behavior you are actively encouraged—and sometimes expected—to replicate for the greater good.
The term 榜样 is used frequently in formal and semi-formal contexts.
The connotation of 榜样 is overwhelmingly positive. It would be incorrect to describe someone as a “bad 榜样.” It implies a standard of excellence.