When combined, `浪漫` literally suggests a feeling that is “unrestrained like overflowing waves.” This beautifully captures the essence of romanticism—a powerful, sweeping, and idealized emotion that isn't bound by everyday practicality. It's important to note, however, that this is a phonetic loanword, so the characters were chosen primarily to mimic the sound of “romantic.” The fact that their meanings align so well is a happy coincidence.
The concept of `浪漫` as understood today is relatively new in China, heavily influenced by Western films, music, and literature since the 20th century. Traditionally, Chinese expressions of love were far more reserved, practical, and centered on duty, partnership, and endurance. The classic ideal was `相濡以沫 (xiāngrúyǐmò)`—two fish keeping each other alive with their own moisture in a dried-up pond, a metaphor for couples supporting each other through hardship. `浪漫` contrasts with this traditional view. It's about the flourish, the “unnecessariness” of a grand gesture that proves affection.
This doesn't mean Chinese romance lacks intimacy, but the popular, modern expression of `浪漫` often involves a level of aesthetic effort and grandeur that reflects its status as a desirable, modern ideal.
`浪漫` is a common word used by all generations, though its value might be debated between younger and older people.