Together, 酒驾 (jiǔjià) literally translates to “alcohol-driving,” a clear and logical combination that is instantly understood by native speakers.
In the past, driving after a few drinks was sometimes tolerated in China, particularly in the context of business dinners where drinking is a major part of building relationships. However, starting around 2011, the Chinese government launched a massive, zero-tolerance crackdown that completely changed the cultural landscape. Today, 酒驾 (jiǔjià) is a major social taboo and a serious crime with severe consequences, including hefty fines, mandatory license suspension, and potential jail time, even for a first offense. This is a key cultural difference from some Western countries where a first-time DUI might be treated with more leniency. This strict enforcement has led to the rise of a massive industry: 代驾 (dàijià), or “designated driver services.” After a night of drinking, it is now standard practice for people to use a mobile app (similar to Uber) to hire a sober driver who will arrive, often on a foldable e-bike, and drive you home in your own car. This cultural phenomenon is a direct result of the strict laws against 酒驾. The underlying value is a state-enforced emphasis on public safety and social order, where an individual's desire to drink must not endanger the collective.
酒驾 (jiǔjià) is used frequently in formal and informal contexts, but its connotation is always negative and serious.