In many Western cultures, the phrase “the best defense is a good offense” is a common strategic principle. While China certainly values offense, traditional Chinese philosophy, from military strategy to business, often places a profound emphasis on a strong and stable defense as the foundation for any success. Sun Tzu's “The Art of War” (《孙子兵法》) states, “Invincibility lies in the defense; the possibility of victory in the attack.” This highlights a core value: first, make yourself unassailable (防守), and only then look for the opportunity to strike. This mindset can be seen in the strategic board game Go (围棋, wéiqí), where securing your territory (a form of 防守) is just as important as attacking your opponent's. This contrasts with a more aggressive, “move fast and break things” approach. The Chinese concept of 防守 is not passive waiting; it's a proactive, intelligent strategy of building strength, understanding the environment, and ensuring stability before expanding. It's about endurance, patience, and resilience.
防守 (fángshǒu) is a common and versatile word used in many modern situations.
A major point of confusion for learners is the difference between 防守 (fángshǒu) and 保护 (bǎohù).
Common Mistake: Using 防守 for general protection.